Lilies repay a little planning around what grows beside them. Lilies are a summer bulb grown for tall, scented flowers. They need full sun, soil with a pH of 6.0–7.0, 12–18 inches of space and 90–120 days to reach maturity, so their neighbours need to suit the same bed and the same season. This guide lists the companions for lilies from our crop data, how each one is thought to help, and which close relatives to keep apart.
There are 4 companions listed for lilies here: Lavender, Marigolds, Garlic and Chives. Companion planting is traditional garden practice rather than proven science, so benefits below are described in those terms — what gardeners have long said and done. Lilies are in the Liliaceae family, need moderate water, and are grown from bulbs, not from seed — plant the bulbs in autumn, pointed end up, in well-drained soil, and they flower the following season. They are hardy, so they cope with cold winters, but the bulbs will rot in soil that stays wet. Check any pairing first with the companion-planting finder.
Best companion plants for lilies
| Companion | Why it is grown with lilies |
|---|---|
| Lavender | A scented perennial that draws pollinators and is traditionally said to deter some pests. |
| Marigolds | Grown as a border or dotted through the bed; its roots are traditionally said to discourage some soil pests, and its flowers attract beneficial insects. |
| Garlic | Its strong scent is traditionally said to deter pests, and it fits neatly at the bed edge. |
| Chives | A small, clumping herb for the bed edge; its onion scent is traditionally said to confuse pests. |
Lavender is the first companion to reach for with lilies. Its scented flowers draw pollinators through the whole season and it is traditionally said to deter some pests, so it earns its place at the bed edge. It likes the same sunny, well-drained spot and needs little feeding once established.
How companion planting works
Companion planting works through four overlapping mechanisms.
Pest confusion. Many pests find their host plant by scent. Strong-smelling companions such as Lavender, Marigolds, Garlic, Chives are traditionally said to mask that scent, so the pest passes by. It is a delaying effect, not a barrier.
Pollinator and beneficial-insect attraction. Several companions here flower — Lavender, Marigolds — drawing pollinators and beneficial insects in. Let a few flower, and leave some blooms standing rather than deadheading everything.
Nitrogen fixing. Nitrogen fixing does not apply here — none of the listed companions is a legume.
Ground cover and root layers. No companion here is a ground-cover plant, so mulch does that job instead. Deep roots beside shallow ones also compete less for water and nutrients.
None of this replaces the basics. Spacing, watering, rotation and weekly inspection matter more than any pairing.
Plants to avoid near lilies
The plants to keep away from lilies are its own relatives. Lilies belong to the Liliaceae family, and plants in the same family share the same pests and diseases — here, aphids, slugs and cutworms — so problems pass easily between them and build up in the soil.
| Plant to avoid | Why |
|---|---|
| Tulips | Same Liliaceae family; shares pests such as aphids, slugs and cutworms. |
Keep these relatives in a different bed and rotate the Liliaceae family to fresh ground each year. If you are unsure whether a plant is a relative, check your local extension service before planting it beside lilies.
Planting layout and spacing
One plant needs 12–18 inches and a spot that suits its needs; once it is planted, it stays put, so choose the site carefully.
Plant bulbs 12–18 inches apart and at a depth roughly three times the bulb's height. Work out how many bulbs fit your bed with the seed-spacing calculator or the plant-spacing calculator.
Plant companions in the spaces the spacing leaves, not instead of it. Low companions go between the bulbs and along the bed edges, and they hide the dying bulb foliage in late spring; taller ones go at the north side so they do not shade the bulbs while they are growing. Mark where the bulbs are so you do not dig into them later.
Bulbs are planted in autumn, pointed end up, in well-drained soil; they need full sun and soil with a pH of 6.0–7.0. Water needs are moderate, so keep the soil moist but never waterlogged, and mulch lightly to hold moisture in. The watering calculator gives a starting point for your bed size. Bulbs planted in autumn flower the following spring, and the clump thickens a little each year. If growth is poor despite good care, check your local extension service for advice specific to your area and soil.
Common problems and fixes
The pests most often reported on lilies are aphids, slugs and cutworms. Companions may reduce pressure, but they do not prevent them — inspect leaf undersides and new growth weekly and act while numbers are low.
| Problem | What you see | First fix |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | Sap-sucking insects on new growth; leaves curl. | Wash off with water; encourage ladybirds. |
| Slugs | Chewed leaves and silvery trails, worst in damp weather. | Beer traps or copper tape; clear debris. |
| Cutworms | Caterpillars that chew young shoots at soil level. | Cardboard collar around each young shoot. |
Aphids
Wash them off with a strong jet of water and leave ladybirds and lacewings alone to eat them. Check the undersides of young leaves, where colonies start.
Slugs
Slugs feed at night in damp weather. Clear boards, pots and debris where they hide by day, and set beer traps at soil level near the worst-hit plants.
Cutworms
Push a cardboard collar an inch into the soil around each young shoot. Check beds at night with a torch when young shoots start falling.
Unsure what you are seeing? Try the pest-identifier helper or the plant-disease checker. Remove badly affected leaves and rotate the Liliaceae family next year.
Frequently asked questions
What is the best companion plant for lilies?
The most widely recommended companions are lavender. A scented perennial that draws pollinators and is traditionally said to deter some pests.
What should not be planted near lilies?
Avoid other members of the Liliaceae family, including Tulips. They share the same pests and diseases as lilies, so problems move easily between them. Rotate the family to a fresh bed each season.
Can I plant lilies with marigolds?
Yes. Marigolds is on the companion list for lilies. Grown as a border or dotted through the bed; its roots are traditionally said to discourage some soil pests, and its flowers attract beneficial insects.
How far apart should lilies and their companions be planted?
Space lilies plants 12–18 inches apart, and put companions in the gaps, along the edges and at the ends of rows. The seed-spacing calculator and the plant-spacing calculator work out how many plants fit your bed.
Does companion planting replace pest control?
No. It may reduce pest pressure, but it does not replace inspection, spacing, watering, rotation and good airflow. Check plants weekly and act early, and check your local extension service for advice on pest problems that keep coming back in your area.